The article analyses the maintenance of neutrality by Spain as well as its partners belonging to opposing sides. The article touches upon the issues of alterations in the economic situation and consequences of the facilitation of Spanish international trade in WWI. The author focuses on the development of the country's foreign policy and the cases when Spain infracted the neutrality during 1914-1918
The article defines the major points of Russian foreign policy in Europe in 1920s. Author analyses relations between USSR and European countries during the period of temporary balance in the mechanism of decision making due to the pressure on Stalin and his supporters by the opposition inside the Communist Party.
The article discusses the phenomenon of political success of the dutch extreme right party – «Party of Freedom» Author makes an analysis of the political activity of the party leader – Gert Wilders. Discusses the role of the «Party of Freedom» in the political system of Netherlands.
Given article is devoted to the study of the U. S. Agency for International Development in the Central Asian republics of the former Soviet Union during the 1990s in the context of the geopolitical interests of the United States in the region.
This paper considers some aspects of history of the ager Campanus in the Gracchan period. On the basis of re-examination of our literary and epigraphic sources author analyzes the policy of the Gracchi concerning this part of Roman public land. His conclusion is that the ager Campanus enjoed immunity from any land distribution until Caesar his agrarian reform.
The paper focuses on the repertory of the Czech book printing in its early period (1468–1620). The author reveals the place that wasoccupied by the works of European humanists; ad also traces their influence on the spiritual life of the Czech.
The article is devoted to one of the episodes in the history of the development of Turkey periodicals – history of the first steps of the francophone newspaper «Le Courrier de Smyrne». It was published since 1828, by the French citizen who lived in Smyrna, Alexander Blacque. The article describes one of the brightest episodes of the information war on the Turkish side at the final stage of the war of Greek independence.
The article is devoted to the choice of the foreign policy strategy of Turkey. It describes the three main directions: the Turkish Eurasianism, ottomanism and turkism. Particular attention is drawn to the evolution of the last two concepts
The article analyzes the historical roots of the Eurasian Idea, the pro- ject of the Eurasian Union how it was represented in political discus- sion of the leaders of «Eurasian countries». Author traces the sources of formation and stages of development of the Eurasian Union, as well as perception of this project within the political elite and the expert community of prospective members.
SCO actions in Central Asia (CA) are often become criticized by NATO and its loyal states. The key reasons for that are named to be the military trainings run by SCO and its close ties with Iran as it is a non-official member there or one of the SCO’s observers. The article offers various opinions both amiable and critical with regard to SCO expressed by the world community. The next part of the article describes the US policy for basing its troops in the region and a general situation regarding Pentagon’s military bases located in the CA and Pakistan.
In article position of Catholics in England in late Stewarts is considered. The basic sources are diaries of contemporaries of S.Pipsa and J. Эвелина. The author of article tries to find out, whether the situation for Catholics with returning to a throne of sons of the executed Charles I has improved, which tended to Catholicism.
The author of this article examine the evaluation of famous Russian historian T.N. Granovsky (1813 — 1855) of historical role Slavic peoples and define his contribution in study of history of Western Slaves in the Middle Ages.
In the article application of the American strategy of “distribution of democracy” as ideological registration of actions of the USA on settlement of regional conflicts is considered. The variation between military and not military components of this strategy is shown.
This article analyzes the newest period of the US-Colombian cooperation. The author investigates «Plan Colombia» adopted by B. Clinton administration and its impact on the U.S. policy in Latin America
The article focuses on the issue of Turkey’s EU accession. It examines the main problems and prospects of Turkish integration with the EU. It also presents the reforms of Turkish government with a view to match the Copenhagen Criteria and the attitude of European politicians towards the accession of Turkey to the European Union
The article is devoted to the study of the Russian-American relations in the Caspian region that were entitled “The Great Game”. Analyzing one of the stages of these relations (spring-autumn 2004) that was marked by the higher activity of the V. Putin’s Government, the author has come to the conclusion that “the Kremlin offensive” was stipulated by the presidential campaign in the USA, and the necessity to oppose the China’s penetration into Central Asia.
This article analyzes the theoretical concept of "Islamic awakening," proposed by the leader of the Islamic Revolution Ali Khamenei for the interpretation of the events of the "Arab Spring" in the Middle East. Based on the study of statements Khamenei, analyzes the theoretical basis of the doctrine of foreign policy of the Islamic Republic of Iran at the present stage for regional security cooperation and pan-Islamic
In the 1667 former Lord Chancellor Edward Hyde, earl of Clarendon was impeached by the House of Commons. Having carefully analyzed the text of the blame the author comes to conclusion that the charge was fabricated and pursued two main aims: firstly, it was directed to destroy a reputation of Clarendon and thereby negate his influence in the House of Lords, secondly, it was directed to blamed him for mistakes of the government and so legitimated the current power. It also investigates the genealogy of this charge which succeeded to some other charges in high treason.
The article examines approaches of the American authorities to questions of providing the state with a strategic raw material – oil, in the specific conditions of World War II. This evidence revealed the different approaches of the heads of ministries and departments to Saudi Arabia. The author reveals the role of U.S. business to strengthen political and economic cooperation with the oil emirate. This article demonstrates that a thorough analysis of documents opens up new possibilities for the study of US-Saudi relations in the abovementioned period.