World History and International Relations

nternational participation in the resolution of the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict in 1990–2020

Authors: Cholakhyan V. A.

The article analyzes the mediation activities of international organizations in the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict from 1992 to 2020. The positions of the OSCE, the United States, Russia, as well as Armenia, Azerbaijan and Nagorno-Karabakh regarding the plans for a peaceful settlement of the conflict are examined. The key role of the Russian Federation as a major regional factor in the reconciliation of the warring parties and the resolution of the Nagorno-Karabakh problem is considered.

The «Marshall Plan for Asia»: Genesis and collapse (1953–1955)

Authors: Shenin S. Y.

The article is devoted to studying the process of theoretical development and practical implementation of the plan for integrating the region of South and Southeast Asia into the U. S. strategy for restoring world trade, which is called the «Marshall plan for Asia» or AFAP. The Eisenhower administration’s desire to use the Cold War context to secure funding for the program from the U. S. Congress is emphasized.

Chords of the «Cold War»: Music as a resource for representing the «image of the other» in Anglo-American cinema

Authors: Yudin K. A.

The article is devoted to the study of the role of music and sound effects in the Anglo-American cinematograph. An attempt is made to assess the political and symbolic potential of media resources for representing the «image of another». To this end, the author examines a number of specific films created at different stages of the Cold War. Conclusions are made about the use of the following methods of media construction: noir representation, political-satirical spectrum, modes of address-local or mixed/combined borrowing of compositions, imitation of a «different» culture.

The birth of American press: Historical experience and development problems

Authors: Marshuba D. А.

The article reviews the origin of American press as an essential idea in genesis of the state power. The author demonstrates a strong correlation between domestic policy and evolutionary changes in local press, also analyzes the key events in chronicle order: printing the first paper “Publick Occurrences”, the Trial of Zenger, consequences of the Stamp Act and the acting of “Sons of Liberty”.

How the Russian-British commercial treaty of 1734 was prepared (based on the materials of diplomatic correspondence)

Authors: Labutina T. L.

Based on the analysis of diplomatic correspondence of British ambassador in Russia at the court of Empress Anna Ioannovna highlights the process of preparation for the conclusion of the Russian-British commercial treaty in 1734. In foreign and Russian historiography, the treaty was actively discussed, but the plot related to its preparatory stage was poorly covered, or not touched at all.

Lisle’s aristocracy family: Economy «old» nobility or wasteful gentry?

Authors: Kotlukova D. A.

The article discusses the sources of income, expenses and methods of doing business in the aristocratic Lisle`s family. Based on the correspondence of the Lisle`s spouses with their managers and financial agents, it is revealed that the greatest income for the family came from the lease of land, extraction of tin, timber and the fish trade. The position of governor of Calais, held by Lord Lisle, also brought income.

Women in the social life of a medieval town (based on the material of London in the 14th–15th centuries)

Authors: Chernova L. N.

The article examines the place and role of women in the social life of London in the 14th–15th centuries based on the material of the original sources. It is shown that, despite the restrictions fixed by custom and laws on the social activity of women, the range of occupations of the townsmen –wives and widows – was unusually wide. It is craft and trade, including the right to take apprentices, real estate transactions, and financial deals. Women did not just help men in the craft or trade shops, but also worked independently.

Jan Iskra from Brandis and his role in the social and political struggles in Slovakia and Hungary in the 1440–1460s

Authors: Smirnov N. A.

The article examines the activities of the Czech knight Jan Iskra of Brandis in Slovakia and Hungary in the 1440–1460s. In the conditions of a sharp aggravation of the socio-political struggle, he managed to gain significant influence and assert power over most of the territory of modern Slovakia. The author reveals the reasons for the rise of Iskra, as well as the circumstances of the loss of his conquered positions after 1453.

Migration management case study: Spain and Morocco

Authors: Alekseev D. V.

The article analyzes the contradictions between the country of destination and origin of immigrants and defines the directions of cooperation between them to regulate migration processes. It considers the evolution of Spanish and Morocco immigration laws and the development of the bilateral relations to consolidate joint model to manage migration. It includes data of the intensity of the migration flows, their predominantly labor character and the dependence on the economic situation in the receiving country.

The French society and the referendum of the «constitution of Europe» in 2005

Authors: Kargashina K. V.

This article is focused on studying the preparation and conduct of the referendum of «the Constitution for Europe» in France. Particular attention is paid to analysis of the evolution of the attitude of the French electorate toward the idea of a “referendum” and a “Constitution for Europe” from the moment the president’s announcement about his intention to hold a referendum, and its results that led to the rejection of «the Constitution». Besides, the internal factors that contributed to the negative outcome of the referendum are discussed.

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