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Cleopatra – the queen changing masks (Antiquity – Shakespeare – Hollywood)

Authors: Kolokolova N. S.

The article examines the image of the Egyptian queen Cleopatra VII, formed in European culture. It shows the role of the ancient tradition (Plutarch first of all) in the formation of the main features of this image, the importance of the iconic literary works of W. Shakespeare and B. Shaw for its development, and then its development in the cinema up to the beginning of the 21st century.

Historical Culture of Early English Antiquaries

Authors: Melihova P. V.

In the article, based on the material of “A Description of Elizabethan England” by W. Harrison and «Britain» by W. Camden, an attempt to explore ways of reflection of the historical past of the early English Antiquaries, which set the foundation of the «secularization of historiography» and a rational interpretation of historical experience, is made.

The Desserts of the English Cuisine of the Seventeenth Century: Cotignac, Marmalade, Paste, Marzipan and Lots of Sugar...

Authors: Tretiakova M. V.

The article deals with the desserts in the culinary practice of England of the XVII century, the focus of the author is the collection of confectionery recipes of 1608, «A Closet for Ladies and Gentlewomen» which was repeatedly reprinted. Considering making cotignac, marmalade, paste, the author comes to the conclusion that these dishes reflect fashionable culinary trends of the British XVII century, showed the status of their consumers, and the emergence of a special collection of confectionary recipes showed the specialization of the cooking art.

The Eastern Question, the Crimean War and the End of the «Holy Alliance» in Austrian-Russian Relations

Authors: Tretiakova M. V.

The article deals with the desserts in the culinary practice of England of the XVII century, the focus of the author is the collection of confectionery recipes of 1608, «A Closet for Ladies and Gentlewomen» which was repeatedly reprinted. Considering making cotignac, marmalade, paste, the author comes to the conclusion that these dishes reflect fashionable culinary trends of the British XVII century, showed the status of their consumers, and the emergence of a special collection of confectionary recipes showed the specialization of the cooking art.

The National Afro-American League: At the Dawn of the Black Protest Movement in the USA (1887–1894)

Authors: Vorobyev D. N.

The article is devoted to the analysis of the creation and activities of the National Afro-American League – the first black protest organization established under the leadership of the black journalist Timothy Thomas Fortune. The main goal of this organization was the struggle against the legislative oppression of the African Americans, as well as the achievement of equal human rights and freedoms regardless of the color of skin.

F. Franco. Prevarication (1943–1945)

Authors: Kryukova E. V.

The article deals with the foreign policy of Spain in the period of the Second World War. The author analyses the search of a special political way, which allowed Francisco Franco to prevent the participation in the war, retain the power and preserve the relative stability in the country. Special attention is paid to the development of relations between Francoist Spain with Germany, Italy, USA and Great Britain.

The Evolution of George H. W. Bush Administration's Egyptian Policy (1989-1992)

Authors: Pivovarova E. O.

The article considers the policy of George H. W. Bush Republican administration towards Egypt. The author analyzes the background, factors of formation, evolution and results of the U.S. Egyptian policy during the period under review.

On the Possibility and Prospects of Deciphering Monograms on the Anonymous Obols of the Bosporus Coinage

Authors: Choref M. M.

It is not for the first century that the study of numismatics of ancient Bosporus is continued. The result has been the description of many kinds of coins of this coinage. In their classification, scientists paid attention to both the image and the legend, including those ciphered in monograms. The subject of this study was the ligatures from anonymous obols of Bosporus coinage. The fact is that neither they nor their similarities have been deciphered yet. However, in these notations, the names Padr and Itro were recognized.

Chronology of Stone and Lead Anchor Stocks of the Ancient World

Authors: Petrovsky V. М.

The article deals with the problem of typology and chronology of ancient wooden anchors with stone and lead stocks. The author notes the lack of elaboration of anchor chronology by previous researchers. Due to the fact that there are new findings, it is possible to extend previous ideas significantly. The chronology of the main types of anchor stocks, as well as their variants (subtypes) is substantiated.

The Origin of the Arab-Muslim Embassy Service (VII Century)

Authors: Chomaev Z. А.

The article discusses the problem connected with the emergence of the Arab-Muslim ambassadorial service. The special role of religious dogmas in the formation of the principles and approaches of Muslim diplomacy is noted. Also, specific historical cases are explored.

The Northern Realm of Canute the Great in Historiography

Authors: Poliakov S. А.

The article analyzes the place of king Canute the Great’s (1016 – 1035 state in foreign and national historiography. Most of the works published today in different languages are considered. Until now, such work has not been published in Russian.

The Tartar-Mongol Invasion and Urban Development in Central Europe

Authors: Galyamichev A. N.

The article discusses the question of the Mongol invasion impact on the Central European countries (Poland, Bohemia and Hungary) urban development in the XIII century. It is concluded that the devastating consequences of the invasion accelerated the acceptation a new model of urban system in the Central European region, which was typologically akin to Western European urbanism.

Struggle for Power Among the English City Elite in the XIV– XV Centuries

Authors: Mosolkina T. V.

In the article, the question of city self-management organization in the XIV–XV century England is considered. On the example of Bristol and York it is found out whether it is possible to speak about democratic principles of the city authorities’ election, who was a part of city elite and how it was formed.

The King’s Body Guard of the Yeomen: Foot Ceremonial Guard of Charles II Stuart

Authors: Gordienko D. O.

The article shows the role and place of the yeomen of the guard institution in the Royal court and armed forces system during the reign of Charles II. Particular attention is drawn to the position of officers of the company at the Royal court.

The Everyday Life of Women and Children in England in the Second Half of XIX – the Beginning of XX Century in the Paintings of Contemporary Artists

Authors: Kiryukhina E. М.

Women and children’s everyday life representation in England in the second half of XIX – the beginning of XX century are considered in the article as historical sources. Representation of clothes and accessories, forms of pastime demonstrated change in the social role of women and the new attitude to the child in English society. The paintings concerned demonstrated not only real, but also the desired situation, fulfilling the social demand of the royal monarchy through the promotion of high moral values which were necessary for the unity of the nation.

The Use of Social Maneuvering Tactics of the German Reich Chancellor Otto von Bismarck in the Second Half of the XIX Century

Authors: Bespalova L. N.

The article analyzes the peculiarities of O. Bismarck’s internal policy in the second half of the XIX century. This policy was called «social maneuvering», as it was expressed in an active search for like-minded people in representatives of various political parties, economists, major Industrialists for the elaboration and implementation of social reforms. By political maneuvering and economic concessions to individual groups of the ruling classes, the «iron Chancellor» had split the opposition more than once, attracting one part of it to his side and isolating the other. O.

Religious Discourse in the Early Debates of Penitentiary Reformers in the USA

Authors: Vasileva S. A.

The article examines the impact of the theological views of the American Protestant denominations representatives on the formation of theoretical and methodological foundations of the American prison systems. The U. S.A. is considered to be the «pioneers» in the realization of prison reforms in the nineteenth century. Actually it was in America that the first progressive penitentiary systems were arranged: Pennsylvanian and Auburn systems. The elements of American prison systems were later borrowed by European and Russian penal reformers.

The Lisbon Strategy of 2000 Implementation and the Formation of a Unified Model of the European Union’s Social Policy

Authors: Yakubova L. А.

The European Union’s social policy is the subject of a large number of studies; it is an important area of domestic policy for each EU member state and their citizens. The formation of the EU general social policy passed certain stages in its historical development. The purpose of this study is to identify the problems that arise in the formation of the EU unified social policy in the context of its development.

some Early Classical Assemblages from Chersonesos (north-Eastern District)

Authors: Lesnaya E. S.

The analysis of the ceramic assemblages revealed in the North-Eastern district of Chersonesos in 1982 is presented in the article. They are a few rocky cavities of artificial origin and overlying cultural layer. The material is represented by both imported products and local (the Black Sea region) reminiscences of imported samples. Undoubtedly, these findings are interesting for the study of the early ceramic collection of the site and the economic life of its population at the initial stage of the settlement.

Ordeals in Anglo-norman England

Authors: Zolotarev A. Y.

The article deals with ordeals («iudicium Dei») and their features after the Conquest compared with those of Anglo-Saxon age and contemporary continental practice. An introduction of the trial by battle, well-known in France, but unknown in England prior to 1066 is given. Meanwhile, common for pre-Conquest ordeal by hot iron was continued to be used with the help of the English Church, which controlled it. In addition it must be kept in mind that there are few real cases of ordeals known from sources, contradictory to the subsequent age of the Plantagenets.

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