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Soviet-Turkish Contacts on Military Matters in the Early 1920s

The article examines the aspects of military cooperation during the formation of the Soviet-Turkish relations and the formation of the Turkish Republic. A general analysis of the military-political situation around Russia and Turkey in the early 1920s is conducted. Some characteristics of the actions of the Soviet and Turkish leadership on military matters during the period of mutual national interests of the Bolsheviks and Kemalists are given.

The Egyptian Policy of the First George Bush Jr. Administration: Formation and Evolution

The article considers the policy of the First George W. Bush administration towards Egypt in the context of the neo-conservative approach. Factors of formation, main directions and results of the U. S. Egyptian policy during the period under review are analyzed.

From A. Mutalibov to G. Aliyev: Formation of Foreign Policy of Independent Azerbaijan

The article is devoted to the formation of the foreign policy of Azerbaijan after the acquisition of independence in 1991. The author analyzes the foreign policy course of the first presidents of the country, identifies strengths and weaknesses of the domestic and foreign policies of each. Particular attention is paid to internal factors that determined international position of Azerbaijan.

Use of Resources of the Caspian Sea through the Prism of Kazakhstan Interest in the 1990s and Early 2000s

The article explores the development of transport and logistics corridors of the Caspian region through the prism of Kazakhstan’s national interests and geopolitical competition between the leading actors. The author also analyzes the foreign policy of the Republic of Kazakhstan, pointing to the fact that the country managed to maintain a balanced course and to be balanced with all players in the region.

Paradiplomacy of the Canadian Province Ontario in the 21st Century

The article examines the paradiplomatic activity of the Canadian province Ontario which is one of the most active entities of Canada in the international arena of the XXI century. The author pays attention to the main Ontario’s directions of international activity and the relation of the province’s paradiplomacy with the policy of the Federal center in the XXI century. The article also considers the main reasons for the development of paradiplomacy in Canada.

What does Canada Need Sanctions for? Cruicial Factors of Canadian Foreign Policy Towards Russia

The relationship between Canada and Russia has had a long history. Canada and Russia have a lot of things in common such as the size of territory, the federal system of government, joint interest in the Arctic region. But in spite of cooperation prospects the relationship between two countries has been frozen due to the sanctions imposed on Russia by Canada. On the whole the topic concerning sanctions imposed on Russia is widely discussed and raises many disputes about the real nature of the sanctions and the aims the countries pursue.

Multi-vector Diplomacy of J. Chirac (1995–2007)

The article is devoted to the activity of Jacques Chirac as the French president in the period from 1995 to 2007. The key policy directions of the head of the Fifth Republic, aimed at strengthening its positions in the international arena are under consideration.

Conflicts of the Arab and Jewish Population in the First Half of the 20th Century: the Domination of Violence and the International Context

The paper is aimed at identifying the main causes of the dominance of violence in the interaction of Arabs and Jews in the Middle East in the first half of the 20th century. At that time Zionism finally took shape as political force, and the active migration of Jews to the territory
of Palestine began to provoke the Arabs. The author researches the conflict through the prism of the international presence in the region and concludes that the UK has not coped with the stabilization of the situation in the mandated territory.

The Political Portrait of Damascus Lion. Syria’s President Hafez Assad

The purpose of this article is to represent the political portrait of Syrian president Hafez Asad. In order to pursue the goal, the following objectives were set. Firstly, to examine the key factors which shaped him as a politician. Secondly, to highlight the importance of Hafez Asad in internal and foreign policy of the country. The biographical method was of high priority because the author intended to show the place of a single person in the country’s history.

History and Modern Condition of the Regional Industrial and Production Facilities of the North-East China Realized with the Assistance of the USSR in the 1950s

Based on the use of historical analysis of regional studies, translation of Chinese-language documents, the history and current state of industrial-production objects of China erected with technical, economic, financial, and advisory assistance from the USSR in the 1950s are considered. The main objects of coal mining, petrochemical, fuel and energy, hydropower, agricultural, food, forestry and metallurgical industries of the three Chinese northeastern provinces, Heilongjiang, Jilin and Liaoning, are identified.

The American Aid Policy Evolution During D. Eisenhower’s Presidency

The article is devoted to studying the peculiarities of the process of forming the postwar world economic order during the D. Eisenhower administration, within which contradictions were growing among the American ruling elites concerning the U. S. foreign economic policy direction. Particular attention is paid to researching ideological approaches of various interest groups in American Congress and administration in respect to the foreign aid program, which played a key role in implementing the plans of all interested parties.

The Process of Euro-Atlantic Integration of Bulgaria in the 1990–2000s

The article examines the progress of the NATO’s«open-door» policy’s realization towards Bulgaria in the 1990-2000s taking into account the changes in the country in the socio-economic and military-political sphere, which were aimed at the integration into Euro-Atlantic structures. An analysis of the reasons that have forced NATO to begin reformatting of the Eastern Balkans and inclusion this subregion in its sphere of influence is made.

«Islamic Awakening» and «Syrian Spring»

The article analyzes the main provisions of the concept of «Islamic Awakening», which became the basis of the foreign policy doctrine of Iran in the period of «Arab spring». However, given the specifics of the development of events in 2011 in Syria, called the Syrian Spring, which did not fit into the concept of Islamic Awakening, the Iranian authorities were forced to “finalize” it.

Historical Modeling of Asymmetric Conflicts in the British-American Discourse in the Middle of the 1960s

The author of this article comprehensively and systematically analyzes the discussion about the possibilities of historical modeling of asymmetric conflicts that arose in the American and British expert communities in the mid-1960s. The author reveals the reasons for the discrepancy between the final conclusions of the expert opinions of British and American experts on the possibilities and necessity of applying the colonial experience of the British Empire’s anti-insurgency in the conditions of the Vietnam conflict of the mid-1960s.

The Discourse of Turkish «Soft Power» in the Context of the Turkish Foreign Policy Transformation in 2001–2015 (Based on Turkish Political Leaders’ Speech Analysis)

The article discusses the study features of “Turkish model” and «Turkish Soft Power» concepts usage in academic and scientific circles of Turkey. Based on the Turkish leaders Ahmet Davutoglu and Recep Tayyip Erdogan’s speeches the author analyzes the key components invested in these concepts. The time frame of the study was 2001–2014, and the basis of the presented statistics was the work of 2015, presented by Turkish researchers Yohanan Benhaim and Kerem Oktem “The rise and fall of Turkey’s soft power discourse. Discourse in foreign policy under Davutoğlu and Erdoğan”.

The Economical Consequences of African Migration to Spain

The article estimates the macroeconomic and microeconomic consequences of migration from Africa to Spain, as well as its impact on the labor market. It includes data on the impact of migration on GDP growth, inflation, wages, and employment of the indigenous population. It concludes that immigration has a positive impact on the using of resources and an overall increasing the economic efficiency. In particular, in Spain, immigration contributes to correcting imbalance in the labor market and the normal operation of production, especially in low-efficiency sectors of the economy.

Nikolai Ivanovich Kostomarov in the Cultural Environment of Saratov

Saratov historians have long been interested in Kostomarov’s impact on the cultural environment of Saratov. The discovery by Kostomarov of new sources on the history of the Saratov province and the presentation of his views on the features of the regional historical process stimulated the development of scientific knowledge in this area and influenced the social and cultural scene of the principal town of the province.

Political thought in XVI century France about heterodoxy and religious police of the State

The paper deals with the problem of French political thought in XVI century and focuses on the problem of heterodoxy. The author studies the interpretation of this problem in the context of the problem of civil wars and attempts to analyze the requirements of political theorists to the religious policy of the state.

Religious and moralistic works in the repertoire of the printing house of Daniel Adam Veleslavin

The author analyzes the publishing activity of the Czech typographer of the XVI century Daniel Adam Veleslavin, identifies the repertoire of publications, in particular the publication of religious and moralistic works, considers their role and place in the publishing products of the printing house and their significance for the Czech reader.

Features of the existence of the Orthodox Church in China in the first half of the 1950s according to documents of State Archive of the Russian Federation

The article describes the peculiarities of the existence of the Orthodox Church in China during a difficult period, when the main carriers of the Orthodox faith – emigrants, immigrants from the territory of the former Russian Empire left the country. The research was based on archival sources, as well as some available publications. The author shows that in the early 1950s Orthodoxy in China began to decline. The idea of creating an independent Chinese Orthodox Church, which will be implemented in the future, also dates back to this time.

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